| Types of Solutions |
Binary – gaseous, liquid and solids |
| Expressing the concentration of solutions |
Expressing the concentration of a solution of a solid in a liquid mole fraction, molarity and molality |
| Solubility |
Solubility of a gas in a liquid – Henry’s law, graph of partial pressure of a gas vs its mole fraction in solution, effect of pressure, temperature, applications of Henry’s law. |
| Vapour pressure of liquid Solutions |
Solution of liquid in liquid – Raoult’s law- statement, mathematical expression, numerical problems, |
| Ideal and Non-ideal Solutions |
Ideal solution – characteristics, graph, non – ideal solution –types – their characteristics and differences, examples, azeotropes – types, examples. |
| Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass |
Solution of a solid in a liquid – Raoult’s law -colligative properties, relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation in boiling point, depression in freezing point, graphs for elevation in boiling point and depression in freezing point, SI units for Kb, Kf, osmosis – osmotic pressure, isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic solutions, reverse osmosis – application in desalination of water. Numerical problems on determination of molar mass using colligative properties. |
| Abnormal Molar Masses |
Van’t Hoff factor i, value of i for non-electrolytes and solutes that associate or dissociate in dilute solution. |
