| Group 15 Elements |
General introduction, occurrence, electronic configuration, oxidation states, anomalous behaviour of nitrogen with reasons, trends in physical and chemical properties – reactivity towards hydrogen and oxygen |
| Dinitrogen |
Preparation- from (NH4)2Cr2O7, laboratory method from NH4Cl, properties and uses. Compounds of nitrogen |
| Ammonia |
Manufacture by Haber’s process, properties – basic character, reaction with ZnSO4 and Cu2+ ion |
| Oxides of Nitrogen |
Structures for NO, NO2 and N2O5 only |
| Nitric Acid |
Manufacture by Ostwald’s process, laboratory method – from NaNO3, properties – oxidizing properties – dilute HNO3 with Zn and Cu, concentrated HNO3 with Cu, Zn, I2 and carbon, passivity with Al and Cr with reason, Brown ring test. |
| Phosphorus- Allotropic Forms |
White and red phosphine – laboratory preparation, properties – basic nature, PCl3 and PCl5 – preparation from dry chlorine, properties- action on water (hydrolysis).
Oxoacids: hypo phosphorous acid, Orthphosphorous acid, orthophosphoric acid –formula, structure, reducing property, basicity. |
| Phosphine |
Phosphine – laboratory preparation,
properties – basic nature, PCl3 and PCl5 – preparation from dry chlorine, properties- action on
water (hydrolysis). |
| Phosphorous Halides |
Phosphorous Halides |
| Oxoacids of Phosphorus |
Oxoacids: hypophosphorous acid, orthophosphorous acid, orthophosphoric
acid –formula, structure, reducing property, basicity. |
| Group 16 Elements |
General introduction, occurrence, electronic configuration, oxidation states, anomalous behaviour of oxygen with reasons, trends in physical and chemical properties,
reactivity with hydrogen and halogen. |
| Dioxygen |
Preparation from KClO3, properties- reaction with Al, CH4, C, uses. |
| Simple Oxides |
Classification – acidic, basic and amphoteric, examples. |
| Ozone |
Preparation, properties, oxidising properties – with PbS and NO. |
| Sulphur- Allotropic Forms |
Brief account of rhombic and monoclinic. |
| Sulphur Dioxide |
Compounds of sulphur: SO2 – laboratory preparation, properties – reaction with NaOH, Cl2, reducing property. Uses, sulphuric acid: manufacture by contact process – flow chart and equations, properties- acidic, dehydrating and oxidizing,
reaction with metal halides (halide = F, Cl), uses. |
| Oxoacids of Sulphur |
Oxoacids of sulphur: sulphurous acid, sulphuric acid, peroxodisulphuric acid and pyrosulphuric acid – formula, structure. |
| Sulphuric Acid |
Manufacture and Uses. |
| Group 17 Elements |
General introduction, occurrence, electronic configuration, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties, anomalous behaviour of fluorine with reasons,
reactivity towards hydrogen and oxygen. |
| Chlorine |
Preparation– from HCl with KMnO4, properties – reaction with Al, S8, H2S, NH3, NaOH, Ca (OH)2, oxidising property – with FeSO4, Na2SO3, bleaching property, uses. |
| Hydrogen Chloride |
Laboratory preparation, properties – acidic nature, reaction with NH3, aqua regia, uses. |
| Oxoacids of Halogens |
Names, formulae and structures of oxoacids of chlorine only. |
| Interhalogen Compounds |
Preparation of ClF3, IC1, BrF5, properties- reactivity compared with
halogens, hydrolysis – general equation. |
| Group 18 Elements |
General introduction, occurrence, electronic configuration, trends in
physical and chemical properties – reason for their inertness, formation and formula of Bartlett
compound, preparation of XeF6 and XeO3, XeO2F2(by hydrolysis of XeF6), uses of noble gases. |
